In the latest episode of ‘Juneteenth in Galveston: Where it All Began,’ Cornelia Banks from the Galveston Island African American Treasures Group sits down with historian David Dumas to explore the rich religious history of African Americans in Galveston. Focusing on Holy Rosary Catholic Church, David shares a detailed narrative of the church’s contributions to the black community in Galveston, from the post-Civil War era to the present day.
David Dumas begins by setting the historical context, noting that Galveston was the largest slave market west of New Orleans. He highlights early milestones such as the first slave baptism in 1840 and the slave marriage performed by the Catholic Church in 1846. Following the Civil War, Bishop Gallagher and the Dominican Sisters opened an elementary school for black children in 1886, despite local opposition. The school’s success led to the establishment of a black parish with visiting priests.
By 1889, Galveston had its first black Catholic church, thanks to the efforts of Father Keller. Despite the devastation caused by the 1900 hurricane, the church and school were rebuilt. The arrival of the Sisters of the Holy Family, a black order, in 1898 further solidified the church’s educational and social role. By 1958, Holy Rosary had expanded to include a new church, school, convent, and rectory. However, declining attendance led to the school’s closure in 1979.
The conversation shifts to the broader historical context of emancipation and the significance of Juneteenth. David explains that news of the Emancipation Proclamation was slow to reach Galveston, only being enforced when General Gordon Granger arrived with Union troops. This marked the true beginning of freedom for many slaves in Texas.
David shares personal anecdotes, from his time as an altar boy to his experiences with young nuns like Sister Joseph Van. He emphasizes the importance of Holy Rosary not just for black Catholics, but for the broader black community in Galveston. He recounts how segregation impacted education and social interactions, but also mentions the reunification that occurred as students progressed through the public school system.
Cornelia and David also touch upon the significant ‘firsts’ in Galveston’s history, including the oldest black high school in Texas and the first black newspapers. These milestones serve as reminders of Galveston’s rich cultural heritage. David notes that, despite the challenges, neighborhoods in Galveston.
